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<?php declare(strict_types=1);

namespace
PhpParser\PrettyPrinter;

use
PhpParser\Node;
use
PhpParser\Node\Expr;
use
PhpParser\Node\Expr\AssignOp;
use
PhpParser\Node\Expr\BinaryOp;
use
PhpParser\Node\Expr\Cast;
use
PhpParser\Node\Name;
use
PhpParser\Node\Scalar;
use
PhpParser\Node\Scalar\MagicConst;
use
PhpParser\Node\Stmt;
use
PhpParser\PrettyPrinterAbstract;

class
Standard extends PrettyPrinterAbstract
{
   
// Special nodes

   
protected function pParam(Node\Param $node) {
        return
$this->pAttrGroups($node->attrGroups, true)
             .
$this->pModifiers($node->flags)
             . (
$node->type ? $this->p($node->type) . ' ' : '')
             . (
$node->byRef ? '&' : '')
             . (
$node->variadic ? '...' : '')
             .
$this->p($node->var)
             . (
$node->default ? ' = ' . $this->p($node->default) : '');
    }

    protected function
pArg(Node\Arg $node) {
        return (
$node->name ? $node->name->toString() . ': ' : '')
             . (
$node->byRef ? '&' : '') . ($node->unpack ? '...' : '')
             .
$this->p($node->value);
    }

    protected function
pConst(Node\Const_ $node) {
        return
$node->name . ' = ' . $this->p($node->value);
    }

    protected function
pNullableType(Node\NullableType $node) {
        return
'?' . $this->p($node->type);
    }

    protected function
pUnionType(Node\UnionType $node) {
        return
$this->pImplode($node->types, '|');
    }

    protected function
pIdentifier(Node\Identifier $node) {
        return
$node->name;
    }

    protected function
pVarLikeIdentifier(Node\VarLikeIdentifier $node) {
        return
'$' . $node->name;
    }

    protected function
pAttribute(Node\Attribute $node) {
        return
$this->p($node->name)
             . (
$node->args ? '(' . $this->pCommaSeparated($node->args) . ')' : '');
    }

    protected function
pAttributeGroup(Node\AttributeGroup $node) {
        return
'#[' . $this->pCommaSeparated($node->attrs) . ']';
    }

   
// Names

   
protected function pName(Name $node) {
        return
implode('\\', $node->parts);
    }

    protected function
pName_FullyQualified(Name\FullyQualified $node) {
        return
'\\' . implode('\\', $node->parts);
    }

    protected function
pName_Relative(Name\Relative $node) {
        return
'namespace\\' . implode('\\', $node->parts);
    }

   
// Magic Constants

   
protected function pScalar_MagicConst_Class(MagicConst\Class_ $node) {
        return
'__CLASS__';
    }

    protected function
pScalar_MagicConst_Dir(MagicConst\Dir $node) {
        return
'__DIR__';
    }

    protected function
pScalar_MagicConst_File(MagicConst\File $node) {
        return
'__FILE__';
    }

    protected function
pScalar_MagicConst_Function(MagicConst\Function_ $node) {
        return
'__FUNCTION__';
    }

    protected function
pScalar_MagicConst_Line(MagicConst\Line $node) {
        return
'__LINE__';
    }

    protected function
pScalar_MagicConst_Method(MagicConst\Method $node) {
        return
'__METHOD__';
    }

    protected function
pScalar_MagicConst_Namespace(MagicConst\Namespace_ $node) {
        return
'__NAMESPACE__';
    }

    protected function
pScalar_MagicConst_Trait(MagicConst\Trait_ $node) {
        return
'__TRAIT__';
    }

   
// Scalars

   
protected function pScalar_String(Scalar\String_ $node) {
       
$kind = $node->getAttribute('kind', Scalar\String_::KIND_SINGLE_QUOTED);
        switch (
$kind) {
            case
Scalar\String_::KIND_NOWDOC:
               
$label = $node->getAttribute('docLabel');
                if (
$label && !$this->containsEndLabel($node->value, $label)) {
                    if (
$node->value === '') {
                        return
"<<<'$label'\n$label" . $this->docStringEndToken;
                    }

                    return
"<<<'$label'\n$node->value\n$label"
                         
. $this->docStringEndToken;
                }
               
/* break missing intentionally */
           
case Scalar\String_::KIND_SINGLE_QUOTED:
                return
$this->pSingleQuotedString($node->value);
            case
Scalar\String_::KIND_HEREDOC:
               
$label = $node->getAttribute('docLabel');
                if (
$label && !$this->containsEndLabel($node->value, $label)) {
                    if (
$node->value === '') {
                        return
"<<<$label\n$label" . $this->docStringEndToken;
                    }

                   
$escaped = $this->escapeString($node->value, null);
                    return
"<<<$label\n" . $escaped . "\n$label"
                         
. $this->docStringEndToken;
                }
           
/* break missing intentionally */
           
case Scalar\String_::KIND_DOUBLE_QUOTED:
                return
'"' . $this->escapeString($node->value, '"') . '"';
        }
        throw new \
Exception('Invalid string kind');
    }

    protected function
pScalar_Encapsed(Scalar\Encapsed $node) {
        if (
$node->getAttribute('kind') === Scalar\String_::KIND_HEREDOC) {
           
$label = $node->getAttribute('docLabel');
            if (
$label && !$this->encapsedContainsEndLabel($node->parts, $label)) {
                if (
count($node->parts) === 1
                   
&& $node->parts[0] instanceof Scalar\EncapsedStringPart
                   
&& $node->parts[0]->value === ''
               
) {
                    return
"<<<$label\n$label" . $this->docStringEndToken;
                }

                return
"<<<$label\n" . $this->pEncapsList($node->parts, null) . "\n$label"
                     
. $this->docStringEndToken;
            }
        }
        return
'"' . $this->pEncapsList($node->parts, '"') . '"';
    }

    protected function
pScalar_LNumber(Scalar\LNumber $node) {
        if (
$node->value === -\PHP_INT_MAX-1) {
           
// PHP_INT_MIN cannot be represented as a literal,
            // because the sign is not part of the literal
           
return '(-' . \PHP_INT_MAX . '-1)';
        }

       
$kind = $node->getAttribute('kind', Scalar\LNumber::KIND_DEC);
        if (
Scalar\LNumber::KIND_DEC === $kind) {
            return (string)
$node->value;
        }

        if (
$node->value < 0) {
           
$sign = '-';
           
$str = (string) -$node->value;
        } else {
           
$sign = '';
           
$str = (string) $node->value;
        }
        switch (
$kind) {
            case
Scalar\LNumber::KIND_BIN:
                return
$sign . '0b' . base_convert($str, 10, 2);
            case
Scalar\LNumber::KIND_OCT:
                return
$sign . '0' . base_convert($str, 10, 8);
            case
Scalar\LNumber::KIND_HEX:
                return
$sign . '0x' . base_convert($str, 10, 16);
        }
        throw new \
Exception('Invalid number kind');
    }

    protected function
pScalar_DNumber(Scalar\DNumber $node) {
        if (!
is_finite($node->value)) {
            if (
$node->value === \INF) {
                return
'\INF';
            } elseif (
$node->value === -\INF) {
                return
'-\INF';
            } else {
                return
'\NAN';
            }
        }

       
// Try to find a short full-precision representation
       
$stringValue = sprintf('%.16G', $node->value);
        if (
$node->value !== (double) $stringValue) {
           
$stringValue = sprintf('%.17G', $node->value);
        }

       
// %G is locale dependent and there exists no locale-independent alternative. We don't want
        // mess with switching locales here, so let's assume that a comma is the only non-standard
        // decimal separator we may encounter...
       
$stringValue = str_replace(',', '.', $stringValue);

       
// ensure that number is really printed as float
       
return preg_match('/^-?[0-9]+$/', $stringValue) ? $stringValue . '.0' : $stringValue;
    }

    protected function
pScalar_EncapsedStringPart(Scalar\EncapsedStringPart $node) {
        throw new \
LogicException('Cannot directly print EncapsedStringPart');
    }

   
// Assignments

   
protected function pExpr_Assign(Expr\Assign $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(Expr\Assign::class, $node->var, ' = ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_AssignRef(Expr\AssignRef $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(Expr\AssignRef::class, $node->var, ' =& ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_AssignOp_Plus(AssignOp\Plus $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(AssignOp\Plus::class, $node->var, ' += ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_AssignOp_Minus(AssignOp\Minus $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(AssignOp\Minus::class, $node->var, ' -= ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_AssignOp_Mul(AssignOp\Mul $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(AssignOp\Mul::class, $node->var, ' *= ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_AssignOp_Div(AssignOp\Div $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(AssignOp\Div::class, $node->var, ' /= ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_AssignOp_Concat(AssignOp\Concat $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(AssignOp\Concat::class, $node->var, ' .= ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_AssignOp_Mod(AssignOp\Mod $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(AssignOp\Mod::class, $node->var, ' %= ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_AssignOp_BitwiseAnd(AssignOp\BitwiseAnd $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(AssignOp\BitwiseAnd::class, $node->var, ' &= ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_AssignOp_BitwiseOr(AssignOp\BitwiseOr $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(AssignOp\BitwiseOr::class, $node->var, ' |= ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_AssignOp_BitwiseXor(AssignOp\BitwiseXor $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(AssignOp\BitwiseXor::class, $node->var, ' ^= ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_AssignOp_ShiftLeft(AssignOp\ShiftLeft $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(AssignOp\ShiftLeft::class, $node->var, ' <<= ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_AssignOp_ShiftRight(AssignOp\ShiftRight $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(AssignOp\ShiftRight::class, $node->var, ' >>= ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_AssignOp_Pow(AssignOp\Pow $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(AssignOp\Pow::class, $node->var, ' **= ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_AssignOp_Coalesce(AssignOp\Coalesce $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(AssignOp\Coalesce::class, $node->var, ' ??= ', $node->expr);
    }

   
// Binary expressions

   
protected function pExpr_BinaryOp_Plus(BinaryOp\Plus $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\Plus::class, $node->left, ' + ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_Minus(BinaryOp\Minus $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\Minus::class, $node->left, ' - ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_Mul(BinaryOp\Mul $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\Mul::class, $node->left, ' * ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_Div(BinaryOp\Div $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\Div::class, $node->left, ' / ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_Concat(BinaryOp\Concat $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\Concat::class, $node->left, ' . ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_Mod(BinaryOp\Mod $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\Mod::class, $node->left, ' % ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_BooleanAnd(BinaryOp\BooleanAnd $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\BooleanAnd::class, $node->left, ' && ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_BooleanOr(BinaryOp\BooleanOr $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\BooleanOr::class, $node->left, ' || ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_BitwiseAnd(BinaryOp\BitwiseAnd $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\BitwiseAnd::class, $node->left, ' & ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_BitwiseOr(BinaryOp\BitwiseOr $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\BitwiseOr::class, $node->left, ' | ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_BitwiseXor(BinaryOp\BitwiseXor $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\BitwiseXor::class, $node->left, ' ^ ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_ShiftLeft(BinaryOp\ShiftLeft $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\ShiftLeft::class, $node->left, ' << ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_ShiftRight(BinaryOp\ShiftRight $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\ShiftRight::class, $node->left, ' >> ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_Pow(BinaryOp\Pow $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\Pow::class, $node->left, ' ** ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_LogicalAnd(BinaryOp\LogicalAnd $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\LogicalAnd::class, $node->left, ' and ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_LogicalOr(BinaryOp\LogicalOr $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\LogicalOr::class, $node->left, ' or ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_LogicalXor(BinaryOp\LogicalXor $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\LogicalXor::class, $node->left, ' xor ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_Equal(BinaryOp\Equal $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\Equal::class, $node->left, ' == ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_NotEqual(BinaryOp\NotEqual $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\NotEqual::class, $node->left, ' != ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_Identical(BinaryOp\Identical $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\Identical::class, $node->left, ' === ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_NotIdentical(BinaryOp\NotIdentical $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\NotIdentical::class, $node->left, ' !== ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_Spaceship(BinaryOp\Spaceship $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\Spaceship::class, $node->left, ' <=> ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_Greater(BinaryOp\Greater $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\Greater::class, $node->left, ' > ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_GreaterOrEqual(BinaryOp\GreaterOrEqual $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\GreaterOrEqual::class, $node->left, ' >= ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_Smaller(BinaryOp\Smaller $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\Smaller::class, $node->left, ' < ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_SmallerOrEqual(BinaryOp\SmallerOrEqual $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\SmallerOrEqual::class, $node->left, ' <= ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BinaryOp_Coalesce(BinaryOp\Coalesce $node) {
        return
$this->pInfixOp(BinaryOp\Coalesce::class, $node->left, ' ?? ', $node->right);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Instanceof(Expr\Instanceof_ $node) {
        list(
$precedence, $associativity) = $this->precedenceMap[Expr\Instanceof_::class];
        return
$this->pPrec($node->expr, $precedence, $associativity, -1)
             .
' instanceof '
             
. $this->pNewVariable($node->class);
    }

   
// Unary expressions

   
protected function pExpr_BooleanNot(Expr\BooleanNot $node) {
        return
$this->pPrefixOp(Expr\BooleanNot::class, '!', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_BitwiseNot(Expr\BitwiseNot $node) {
        return
$this->pPrefixOp(Expr\BitwiseNot::class, '~', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_UnaryMinus(Expr\UnaryMinus $node) {
        if (
$node->expr instanceof Expr\UnaryMinus || $node->expr instanceof Expr\PreDec) {
           
// Enforce -(-$expr) instead of --$expr
           
return '-(' . $this->p($node->expr) . ')';
        }
        return
$this->pPrefixOp(Expr\UnaryMinus::class, '-', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_UnaryPlus(Expr\UnaryPlus $node) {
        if (
$node->expr instanceof Expr\UnaryPlus || $node->expr instanceof Expr\PreInc) {
           
// Enforce +(+$expr) instead of ++$expr
           
return '+(' . $this->p($node->expr) . ')';
        }
        return
$this->pPrefixOp(Expr\UnaryPlus::class, '+', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_PreInc(Expr\PreInc $node) {
        return
$this->pPrefixOp(Expr\PreInc::class, '++', $node->var);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_PreDec(Expr\PreDec $node) {
        return
$this->pPrefixOp(Expr\PreDec::class, '--', $node->var);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_PostInc(Expr\PostInc $node) {
        return
$this->pPostfixOp(Expr\PostInc::class, $node->var, '++');
    }

    protected function
pExpr_PostDec(Expr\PostDec $node) {
        return
$this->pPostfixOp(Expr\PostDec::class, $node->var, '--');
    }

    protected function
pExpr_ErrorSuppress(Expr\ErrorSuppress $node) {
        return
$this->pPrefixOp(Expr\ErrorSuppress::class, '@', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_YieldFrom(Expr\YieldFrom $node) {
        return
$this->pPrefixOp(Expr\YieldFrom::class, 'yield from ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Print(Expr\Print_ $node) {
        return
$this->pPrefixOp(Expr\Print_::class, 'print ', $node->expr);
    }

   
// Casts

   
protected function pExpr_Cast_Int(Cast\Int_ $node) {
        return
$this->pPrefixOp(Cast\Int_::class, '(int) ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Cast_Double(Cast\Double $node) {
       
$kind = $node->getAttribute('kind', Cast\Double::KIND_DOUBLE);
        if (
$kind === Cast\Double::KIND_DOUBLE) {
           
$cast = '(double)';
        } elseif (
$kind === Cast\Double::KIND_FLOAT) {
           
$cast = '(float)';
        } elseif (
$kind === Cast\Double::KIND_REAL) {
           
$cast = '(real)';
        }
        return
$this->pPrefixOp(Cast\Double::class, $cast . ' ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Cast_String(Cast\String_ $node) {
        return
$this->pPrefixOp(Cast\String_::class, '(string) ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Cast_Array(Cast\Array_ $node) {
        return
$this->pPrefixOp(Cast\Array_::class, '(array) ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Cast_Object(Cast\Object_ $node) {
        return
$this->pPrefixOp(Cast\Object_::class, '(object) ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Cast_Bool(Cast\Bool_ $node) {
        return
$this->pPrefixOp(Cast\Bool_::class, '(bool) ', $node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Cast_Unset(Cast\Unset_ $node) {
        return
$this->pPrefixOp(Cast\Unset_::class, '(unset) ', $node->expr);
    }

   
// Function calls and similar constructs

   
protected function pExpr_FuncCall(Expr\FuncCall $node) {
        return
$this->pCallLhs($node->name)
             .
'(' . $this->pMaybeMultiline($node->args) . ')';
    }

    protected function
pExpr_MethodCall(Expr\MethodCall $node) {
        return
$this->pDereferenceLhs($node->var) . '->' . $this->pObjectProperty($node->name)
             .
'(' . $this->pMaybeMultiline($node->args) . ')';
    }

    protected function
pExpr_NullsafeMethodCall(Expr\NullsafeMethodCall $node) {
        return
$this->pDereferenceLhs($node->var) . '?->' . $this->pObjectProperty($node->name)
            .
'(' . $this->pMaybeMultiline($node->args) . ')';
    }

    protected function
pExpr_StaticCall(Expr\StaticCall $node) {
        return
$this->pDereferenceLhs($node->class) . '::'
             
. ($node->name instanceof Expr
               
? ($node->name instanceof Expr\Variable
                   
? $this->p($node->name)
                   :
'{' . $this->p($node->name) . '}')
                :
$node->name)
             .
'(' . $this->pMaybeMultiline($node->args) . ')';
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Empty(Expr\Empty_ $node) {
        return
'empty(' . $this->p($node->expr) . ')';
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Isset(Expr\Isset_ $node) {
        return
'isset(' . $this->pCommaSeparated($node->vars) . ')';
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Eval(Expr\Eval_ $node) {
        return
'eval(' . $this->p($node->expr) . ')';
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Include(Expr\Include_ $node) {
        static
$map = [
           
Expr\Include_::TYPE_INCLUDE      => 'include',
           
Expr\Include_::TYPE_INCLUDE_ONCE => 'include_once',
           
Expr\Include_::TYPE_REQUIRE      => 'require',
           
Expr\Include_::TYPE_REQUIRE_ONCE => 'require_once',
        ];

        return
$map[$node->type] . ' ' . $this->p($node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_List(Expr\List_ $node) {
        return
'list(' . $this->pCommaSeparated($node->items) . ')';
    }

   
// Other

   
protected function pExpr_Error(Expr\Error $node) {
        throw new \
LogicException('Cannot pretty-print AST with Error nodes');
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Variable(Expr\Variable $node) {
        if (
$node->name instanceof Expr) {
            return
'${' . $this->p($node->name) . '}';
        } else {
            return
'$' . $node->name;
        }
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Array(Expr\Array_ $node) {
       
$syntax = $node->getAttribute('kind',
           
$this->options['shortArraySyntax'] ? Expr\Array_::KIND_SHORT : Expr\Array_::KIND_LONG);
        if (
$syntax === Expr\Array_::KIND_SHORT) {
            return
'[' . $this->pMaybeMultiline($node->items, true) . ']';
        } else {
            return
'array(' . $this->pMaybeMultiline($node->items, true) . ')';
        }
    }

    protected function
pExpr_ArrayItem(Expr\ArrayItem $node) {
        return (
null !== $node->key ? $this->p($node->key) . ' => ' : '')
             . (
$node->byRef ? '&' : '')
             . (
$node->unpack ? '...' : '')
             .
$this->p($node->value);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_ArrayDimFetch(Expr\ArrayDimFetch $node) {
        return
$this->pDereferenceLhs($node->var)
             .
'[' . (null !== $node->dim ? $this->p($node->dim) : '') . ']';
    }

    protected function
pExpr_ConstFetch(Expr\ConstFetch $node) {
        return
$this->p($node->name);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_ClassConstFetch(Expr\ClassConstFetch $node) {
        return
$this->pDereferenceLhs($node->class) . '::' . $this->p($node->name);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_PropertyFetch(Expr\PropertyFetch $node) {
        return
$this->pDereferenceLhs($node->var) . '->' . $this->pObjectProperty($node->name);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_NullsafePropertyFetch(Expr\NullsafePropertyFetch $node) {
        return
$this->pDereferenceLhs($node->var) . '?->' . $this->pObjectProperty($node->name);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_StaticPropertyFetch(Expr\StaticPropertyFetch $node) {
        return
$this->pDereferenceLhs($node->class) . '::$' . $this->pObjectProperty($node->name);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_ShellExec(Expr\ShellExec $node) {
        return
'`' . $this->pEncapsList($node->parts, '`') . '`';
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Closure(Expr\Closure $node) {
        return
$this->pAttrGroups($node->attrGroups, true)
             . (
$node->static ? 'static ' : '')
             .
'function ' . ($node->byRef ? '&' : '')
             .
'(' . $this->pCommaSeparated($node->params) . ')'
             
. (!empty($node->uses) ? ' use(' . $this->pCommaSeparated($node->uses) . ')' : '')
             . (
null !== $node->returnType ? ' : ' . $this->p($node->returnType) : '')
             .
' {' . $this->pStmts($node->stmts) . $this->nl . '}';
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Match(Expr\Match_ $node) {
        return
'match (' . $this->p($node->cond) . ') {'
           
. $this->pCommaSeparatedMultiline($node->arms, true)
            .
$this->nl
           
. '}';
    }

    protected function
pMatchArm(Node\MatchArm $node) {
        return (
$node->conds ? $this->pCommaSeparated($node->conds) : 'default')
            .
' => ' . $this->p($node->body);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_ArrowFunction(Expr\ArrowFunction $node) {
        return
$this->pAttrGroups($node->attrGroups, true)
            . (
$node->static ? 'static ' : '')
            .
'fn' . ($node->byRef ? '&' : '')
            .
'(' . $this->pCommaSeparated($node->params) . ')'
           
. (null !== $node->returnType ? ': ' . $this->p($node->returnType) : '')
            .
' => '
           
. $this->p($node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_ClosureUse(Expr\ClosureUse $node) {
        return (
$node->byRef ? '&' : '') . $this->p($node->var);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_New(Expr\New_ $node) {
        if (
$node->class instanceof Stmt\Class_) {
           
$args = $node->args ? '(' . $this->pMaybeMultiline($node->args) . ')' : '';
            return
'new ' . $this->pClassCommon($node->class, $args);
        }
        return
'new ' . $this->pNewVariable($node->class)
            .
'(' . $this->pMaybeMultiline($node->args) . ')';
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Clone(Expr\Clone_ $node) {
        return
'clone ' . $this->p($node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Ternary(Expr\Ternary $node) {
       
// a bit of cheating: we treat the ternary as a binary op where the ?...: part is the operator.
        // this is okay because the part between ? and : never needs parentheses.
       
return $this->pInfixOp(Expr\Ternary::class,
           
$node->cond, ' ?' . (null !== $node->if ? ' ' . $this->p($node->if) . ' ' : '') . ': ', $node->else
       
);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Exit(Expr\Exit_ $node) {
       
$kind = $node->getAttribute('kind', Expr\Exit_::KIND_DIE);
        return (
$kind === Expr\Exit_::KIND_EXIT ? 'exit' : 'die')
             . (
null !== $node->expr ? '(' . $this->p($node->expr) . ')' : '');
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Throw(Expr\Throw_ $node) {
        return
'throw ' . $this->p($node->expr);
    }

    protected function
pExpr_Yield(Expr\Yield_ $node) {
        if (
$node->value === null) {
            return
'yield';
        } else {
           
// this is a bit ugly, but currently there is no way to detect whether the parentheses are necessary
           
return '(yield '
                 
. ($node->key !== null ? $this->p($node->key) . ' => ' : '')
                 .
$this->p($node->value)
                 .
')';
        }
    }

   
// Declarations

   
protected function pStmt_Namespace(Stmt\Namespace_ $node) {
        if (
$this->canUseSemicolonNamespaces) {
            return
'namespace ' . $this->p($node->name) . ';'
                 
. $this->nl . $this->pStmts($node->stmts, false);
        } else {
            return
'namespace' . (null !== $node->name ? ' ' . $this->p($node->name) : '')
                 .
' {' . $this->pStmts($node->stmts) . $this->nl . '}';
        }
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Use(Stmt\Use_ $node) {
        return
'use ' . $this->pUseType($node->type)
             .
$this->pCommaSeparated($node->uses) . ';';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_GroupUse(Stmt\GroupUse $node) {
        return
'use ' . $this->pUseType($node->type) . $this->pName($node->prefix)
             .
'\{' . $this->pCommaSeparated($node->uses) . '};';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_UseUse(Stmt\UseUse $node) {
        return
$this->pUseType($node->type) . $this->p($node->name)
             . (
null !== $node->alias ? ' as ' . $node->alias : '');
    }

    protected function
pUseType($type) {
        return
$type === Stmt\Use_::TYPE_FUNCTION ? 'function '
           
: ($type === Stmt\Use_::TYPE_CONSTANT ? 'const ' : '');
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Interface(Stmt\Interface_ $node) {
        return
$this->pAttrGroups($node->attrGroups)
             .
'interface ' . $node->name
             
. (!empty($node->extends) ? ' extends ' . $this->pCommaSeparated($node->extends) : '')
             .
$this->nl . '{' . $this->pStmts($node->stmts) . $this->nl . '}';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Class(Stmt\Class_ $node) {
        return
$this->pClassCommon($node, ' ' . $node->name);
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Trait(Stmt\Trait_ $node) {
        return
$this->pAttrGroups($node->attrGroups)
             .
'trait ' . $node->name
             
. $this->nl . '{' . $this->pStmts($node->stmts) . $this->nl . '}';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_TraitUse(Stmt\TraitUse $node) {
        return
'use ' . $this->pCommaSeparated($node->traits)
             . (empty(
$node->adaptations)
                ?
';'
               
: ' {' . $this->pStmts($node->adaptations) . $this->nl . '}');
    }

    protected function
pStmt_TraitUseAdaptation_Precedence(Stmt\TraitUseAdaptation\Precedence $node) {
        return
$this->p($node->trait) . '::' . $node->method
             
. ' insteadof ' . $this->pCommaSeparated($node->insteadof) . ';';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_TraitUseAdaptation_Alias(Stmt\TraitUseAdaptation\Alias $node) {
        return (
null !== $node->trait ? $this->p($node->trait) . '::' : '')
             .
$node->method . ' as'
             
. (null !== $node->newModifier ? ' ' . rtrim($this->pModifiers($node->newModifier), ' ') : '')
             . (
null !== $node->newName     ? ' ' . $node->newName                        : '')
             .
';';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Property(Stmt\Property $node) {
        return
$this->pAttrGroups($node->attrGroups)
            . (
0 === $node->flags ? 'var ' : $this->pModifiers($node->flags))
            . (
$node->type ? $this->p($node->type) . ' ' : '')
            .
$this->pCommaSeparated($node->props) . ';';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_PropertyProperty(Stmt\PropertyProperty $node) {
        return
'$' . $node->name
             
. (null !== $node->default ? ' = ' . $this->p($node->default) : '');
    }

    protected function
pStmt_ClassMethod(Stmt\ClassMethod $node) {
        return
$this->pAttrGroups($node->attrGroups)
             .
$this->pModifiers($node->flags)
             .
'function ' . ($node->byRef ? '&' : '') . $node->name
             
. '(' . $this->pMaybeMultiline($node->params) . ')'
             
. (null !== $node->returnType ? ' : ' . $this->p($node->returnType) : '')
             . (
null !== $node->stmts
               
? $this->nl . '{' . $this->pStmts($node->stmts) . $this->nl . '}'
               
: ';');
    }

    protected function
pStmt_ClassConst(Stmt\ClassConst $node) {
        return
$this->pAttrGroups($node->attrGroups)
             .
$this->pModifiers($node->flags)
             .
'const ' . $this->pCommaSeparated($node->consts) . ';';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Function(Stmt\Function_ $node) {
        return
$this->pAttrGroups($node->attrGroups)
             .
'function ' . ($node->byRef ? '&' : '') . $node->name
             
. '(' . $this->pCommaSeparated($node->params) . ')'
             
. (null !== $node->returnType ? ' : ' . $this->p($node->returnType) : '')
             .
$this->nl . '{' . $this->pStmts($node->stmts) . $this->nl . '}';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Const(Stmt\Const_ $node) {
        return
'const ' . $this->pCommaSeparated($node->consts) . ';';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Declare(Stmt\Declare_ $node) {
        return
'declare (' . $this->pCommaSeparated($node->declares) . ')'
             
. (null !== $node->stmts ? ' {' . $this->pStmts($node->stmts) . $this->nl . '}' : ';');
    }

    protected function
pStmt_DeclareDeclare(Stmt\DeclareDeclare $node) {
        return
$node->key . '=' . $this->p($node->value);
    }

   
// Control flow

   
protected function pStmt_If(Stmt\If_ $node) {
        return
'if (' . $this->p($node->cond) . ') {'
             
. $this->pStmts($node->stmts) . $this->nl . '}'
             
. ($node->elseifs ? ' ' . $this->pImplode($node->elseifs, ' ') : '')
             . (
null !== $node->else ? ' ' . $this->p($node->else) : '');
    }

    protected function
pStmt_ElseIf(Stmt\ElseIf_ $node) {
        return
'elseif (' . $this->p($node->cond) . ') {'
             
. $this->pStmts($node->stmts) . $this->nl . '}';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Else(Stmt\Else_ $node) {
        return
'else {' . $this->pStmts($node->stmts) . $this->nl . '}';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_For(Stmt\For_ $node) {
        return
'for ('
             
. $this->pCommaSeparated($node->init) . ';' . (!empty($node->cond) ? ' ' : '')
             .
$this->pCommaSeparated($node->cond) . ';' . (!empty($node->loop) ? ' ' : '')
             .
$this->pCommaSeparated($node->loop)
             .
') {' . $this->pStmts($node->stmts) . $this->nl . '}';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Foreach(Stmt\Foreach_ $node) {
        return
'foreach (' . $this->p($node->expr) . ' as '
             
. (null !== $node->keyVar ? $this->p($node->keyVar) . ' => ' : '')
             . (
$node->byRef ? '&' : '') . $this->p($node->valueVar) . ') {'
             
. $this->pStmts($node->stmts) . $this->nl . '}';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_While(Stmt\While_ $node) {
        return
'while (' . $this->p($node->cond) . ') {'
             
. $this->pStmts($node->stmts) . $this->nl . '}';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Do(Stmt\Do_ $node) {
        return
'do {' . $this->pStmts($node->stmts) . $this->nl
             
. '} while (' . $this->p($node->cond) . ');';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Switch(Stmt\Switch_ $node) {
        return
'switch (' . $this->p($node->cond) . ') {'
             
. $this->pStmts($node->cases) . $this->nl . '}';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Case(Stmt\Case_ $node) {
        return (
null !== $node->cond ? 'case ' . $this->p($node->cond) : 'default') . ':'
             
. $this->pStmts($node->stmts);
    }

    protected function
pStmt_TryCatch(Stmt\TryCatch $node) {
        return
'try {' . $this->pStmts($node->stmts) . $this->nl . '}'
             
. ($node->catches ? ' ' . $this->pImplode($node->catches, ' ') : '')
             . (
$node->finally !== null ? ' ' . $this->p($node->finally) : '');
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Catch(Stmt\Catch_ $node) {
        return
'catch (' . $this->pImplode($node->types, '|')
             . (
$node->var !== null ? ' ' . $this->p($node->var) : '')
             .
') {' . $this->pStmts($node->stmts) . $this->nl . '}';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Finally(Stmt\Finally_ $node) {
        return
'finally {' . $this->pStmts($node->stmts) . $this->nl . '}';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Break(Stmt\Break_ $node) {
        return
'break' . ($node->num !== null ? ' ' . $this->p($node->num) : '') . ';';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Continue(Stmt\Continue_ $node) {
        return
'continue' . ($node->num !== null ? ' ' . $this->p($node->num) : '') . ';';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Return(Stmt\Return_ $node) {
        return
'return' . (null !== $node->expr ? ' ' . $this->p($node->expr) : '') . ';';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Throw(Stmt\Throw_ $node) {
        return
'throw ' . $this->p($node->expr) . ';';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Label(Stmt\Label $node) {
        return
$node->name . ':';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Goto(Stmt\Goto_ $node) {
        return
'goto ' . $node->name . ';';
    }

   
// Other

   
protected function pStmt_Expression(Stmt\Expression $node) {
        return
$this->p($node->expr) . ';';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Echo(Stmt\Echo_ $node) {
        return
'echo ' . $this->pCommaSeparated($node->exprs) . ';';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Static(Stmt\Static_ $node) {
        return
'static ' . $this->pCommaSeparated($node->vars) . ';';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Global(Stmt\Global_ $node) {
        return
'global ' . $this->pCommaSeparated($node->vars) . ';';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_StaticVar(Stmt\StaticVar $node) {
        return
$this->p($node->var)
             . (
null !== $node->default ? ' = ' . $this->p($node->default) : '');
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Unset(Stmt\Unset_ $node) {
        return
'unset(' . $this->pCommaSeparated($node->vars) . ');';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_InlineHTML(Stmt\InlineHTML $node) {
       
$newline = $node->getAttribute('hasLeadingNewline', true) ? "\n" : '';
        return
'?>' . $newline . $node->value . '<?php ';
    }

    protected function
pStmt_HaltCompiler(Stmt\HaltCompiler $node) {
        return
'__halt_compiler();' . $node->remaining;
    }

    protected function
pStmt_Nop(Stmt\Nop $node) {
        return
'';
    }

   
// Helpers

   
protected function pClassCommon(Stmt\Class_ $node, $afterClassToken) {
        return
$this->pAttrGroups($node->attrGroups, $node->name === null)
            .
$this->pModifiers($node->flags)
            .
'class' . $afterClassToken
           
. (null !== $node->extends ? ' extends ' . $this->p($node->extends) : '')
            . (!empty(
$node->implements) ? ' implements ' . $this->pCommaSeparated($node->implements) : '')
            .
$this->nl . '{' . $this->pStmts($node->stmts) . $this->nl . '}';
    }

    protected function
pObjectProperty($node) {
        if (
$node instanceof Expr) {
            return
'{' . $this->p($node) . '}';
        } else {
            return
$node;
        }
    }

    protected function
pEncapsList(array $encapsList, $quote) {
       
$return = '';
        foreach (
$encapsList as $element) {
            if (
$element instanceof Scalar\EncapsedStringPart) {
               
$return .= $this->escapeString($element->value, $quote);
            } else {
               
$return .= '{' . $this->p($element) . '}';
            }
        }

        return
$return;
    }

    protected function
pSingleQuotedString(string $string) {
        return
'\'' . addcslashes($string, '\'\\') . '\'';
    }

    protected function
escapeString($string, $quote) {
        if (
null === $quote) {
           
// For doc strings, don't escape newlines
           
$escaped = addcslashes($string, "\t\f\v$\\");
        } else {
           
$escaped = addcslashes($string, "\n\r\t\f\v$" . $quote . "\\");
        }

       
// Escape other control characters
       
return preg_replace_callback('/([\0-\10\16-\37])(?=([0-7]?))/', function ($matches) {
           
$oct = decoct(ord($matches[1]));
            if (
$matches[2] !== '') {
               
// If there is a trailing digit, use the full three character form
               
return '\\' . str_pad($oct, 3, '0', \STR_PAD_LEFT);
            }
            return
'\\' . $oct;
        },
$escaped);
    }

    protected function
containsEndLabel($string, $label, $atStart = true, $atEnd = true) {
       
$start = $atStart ? '(?:^|[\r\n])' : '[\r\n]';
       
$end = $atEnd ? '(?:$|[;\r\n])' : '[;\r\n]';
        return
false !== strpos($string, $label)
            &&
preg_match('/' . $start . $label . $end . '/', $string);
    }

    protected function
encapsedContainsEndLabel(array $parts, $label) {
        foreach (
$parts as $i => $part) {
           
$atStart = $i === 0;
           
$atEnd = $i === count($parts) - 1;
            if (
$part instanceof Scalar\EncapsedStringPart
               
&& $this->containsEndLabel($part->value, $label, $atStart, $atEnd)
            ) {
                return
true;
            }
        }
        return
false;
    }

    protected function
pDereferenceLhs(Node $node) {
        if (!
$this->dereferenceLhsRequiresParens($node)) {
            return
$this->p($node);
        } else  {
            return
'(' . $this->p($node) . ')';
        }
    }

    protected function
pCallLhs(Node $node) {
        if (!
$this->callLhsRequiresParens($node)) {
            return
$this->p($node);
        } else  {
            return
'(' . $this->p($node) . ')';
        }
    }

    protected function
pNewVariable(Node $node) {
       
// TODO: This is not fully accurate.
       
return $this->pDereferenceLhs($node);
    }

   
/**
     * @param Node[] $nodes
     * @return bool
     */
   
private function hasNodeWithComments(array $nodes) {
        foreach (
$nodes as $node) {
            if (
$node && $node->getComments()) {
                return
true;
            }
        }
        return
false;
    }

    private function
pMaybeMultiline(array $nodes, bool $trailingComma = false) {
        if (!
$this->hasNodeWithComments($nodes)) {
            return
$this->pCommaSeparated($nodes);
        } else {
            return
$this->pCommaSeparatedMultiline($nodes, $trailingComma) . $this->nl;
        }
    }

    private function
pAttrGroups(array $nodes, bool $inline = false): string {
       
$result = '';
       
$sep = $inline ? ' ' : $this->nl;
        foreach (
$nodes as $node) {
           
$result .= $this->p($node) . $sep;
        }

        return
$result;
    }
}